Kutshanje, iphepha elipapashwe yijenali yezonyango egunyazisiweyo yamazwe ngamazwe "Impilo Yoluntu YaseLancet" (iLancet Public Health) ibonise ukuba phantse i-20% yamadoda amadala aseTshayina abulawa yicuba.
Umzobo: Iphepha lapapashwa kwiLancet-Public Health
Uphando luxhaswe nguMphathiswa weSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yaseTshayina kunye namanye amaziko, ekhokelwa liqela lophando likaNjingalwazi uChen Zhengming ovela kwiYunivesithi yaseOxford, uNjingalwazi uWang Chen ovela kwiSikolo saseTshayina seSayensi yezoNyango, kunye noNjingalwazi uLi Liming weSikolo soLuntu. Impilo kwiYunivesithi yasePeking.Olu luphononongo olukhulu lokuqala lwesizwe e-China ukuhlola ngokucwangcisiweyo ubudlelwane phakathi kokutshaya kunye nezifo zenkqubo.Bebonke abantu abadala baseTshayina abangama-510,000 balandelelwe iminyaka eli-11.
Uphononongo luhlalutye ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-cigarettes kunye nezifo ze-470 kunye nezizathu ze-85 zokufa, kwaye zafumanisa ukuba e-China, i-cigarettes yayinxulumene kakhulu nezifo ze-56 kunye nezizathu ze-22 zokufa.Unxulumano olufihlakeleyo phakathi kwezifo ezininzi kunye nemidiza lungaphaya kwengqondo.Abantu abatshayayo bayazi ukuba basenokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga ngenxa yokutshaya, kodwa basenokungacingi ukuba amathumba abo, ukopha ebuchotsheni, isifo seswekile, urhatyazo, izifo zolusu, kwanezifo ezasulelayo nezifunxi-gazi zisenokuba zihlobene necuba.ezinxulumene.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba phakathi kwezifundo zophando (ubudala beminyaka eyi-35-84 ubudala), malunga ne-20% yamadoda kunye ne-3% yabasetyhini bafa kwi-cigarettes.Phantse onke amacuba eTshayina atyiwa ngamadoda, yaye uphando luqikelela ukuba amadoda azelwe emva kowe-1970 aya kuba liqela elichatshazelwa kakhulu kukwenzakala kwecuba.“Sithethanje malunga nesibini kwisithathu sabafana baseTshayina bayatshaya, yaye inkoliso yabo iqalisa ukutshaya ngaphambi kokuba ibe neminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Ngaphandle kokuba bayayeka ukutshaya, phantse isiqingatha sabo siya kubulawa zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibangelwa kukutshaya.”UNjingalwazi uLi Liming weYunivesithi yasePeking uthe kudliwanondlebe.
Ukuyeka ukutshaya kusemnyango, kodwa kuyingxaki enzima.Ngokwengxelo ye-Guangming Daily ngo-2021, izinga lokungaphumeleli kwabantu abatshayayo baseTshayina "abayeke ukuyeka" kuphela ngamandla okuzimisela liphezulu njenge-90%.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuthandwa kolwazi olufanelekileyo, abanye abatshayayo baya kukhetha iikliniki zokuyeka ukutshaya, kwaye abanye abatshayayo baya kutshintshela kwi-cigarettes ye-elektroniki.
Ngokwewebhusayithi esemthethweni yorhulumente waseBritane,i-e-cigarettesiya kuba yinto esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yokuncedisa ukutshaya ababhemayo baseBrithani kwi-2022. Iphepha lophando elipapashwe kwi-"Lancet-Public Health" ngoJulayi 2021 libonise ngokucacileyo ukuba izinga lokuphumelela lokusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes ukuncedisa ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokuqhelekileyo yi-5% -I-10% ephezulu kuneyo "yokuyeka ukutshaya", kwaye umlutha omkhulu wokutshaya, usetyenziso olukhulu lwe-e-cigarettes ukunceda ukuyeka ukutshaya.Iphezulu izinga lempumelelo yokuyeka ukutshaya.
Umzobo: Uphononongo lukhokelwa liziko lophando lomhlaza laseMelika elaziwayo "iZiko loPhando lweCancer Moffitt".Abaphandi baya kuhambisa iincwadi zesayensi ezithandwayo ukunceda abatshayayo baqonde ngokuchanekileyo i-e-cigarettes
I-Cochrane Collaboration, intlangano yamazwe ngamazwe egunyazwe ngubungqina obusekelwe kubungqina bezemfundo, ikhuphe iingxelo ze-5 kwiminyaka eyi-7, ebonisa ukuba i-e-cigarettes inomphumo wokuyeka ukutshaya, kwaye umphumo ungcono kunezinye iindlela zokuyeka ukutshaya.Kuphononongo lwayo lwamva nje lophando olupapashwe ngoSeptemba 2021, lubonise ukuba izifundo ezingama-50 ezichubekileyo ezenziwa ngaphezulu kwe-10,000 yabantu abadala abatshayayo kwihlabathi liphela zibonakalise ukuba i-e-cigarettes sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuyeka ukutshaya."Imvumelwano yesayensi kwi-e-cigarettes kukuba, nangona ingenabungozi ngokupheleleyo, ayinabungozi kakhulu kunogwayi," watsho uJamie Hartmann-Boyce weQela leCochrane Tobacco Addiction Group, omnye wababhali abaphambili bophononongo.
Isiphumo sokunciphisa umonakalo weicuba ze-elektronikinayo iqinisekisiwe ngokuqhubekayo.Ngo-Oktobha 2022, iqela lophando leSikole se-Pharmacy yeYunivesithi yase-Sun Yat-sen lipapashe iphepha elichaza ukuba kwi-dose ye-nicotine efanayo, i-e-cigarette aerosol ayinabungozi kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphefumula kunomsi wecuba.Ukuthatha izifo zokuphefumula njengomzekelo, iphepha elipapashwe kwiphephancwadi elaziwayo elithi "Inkqubela kuNyango lweZifo eziNgapheliyo" ngo-Okthobha 2020 yabonisa ukuba abantu abatshayayo abanesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) batshintshela kwi-e-cigarettes, enokunciphisa. ubuzaza besi sifo malunga nama-50%.Nangona kunjalo, xa abasebenzisi be-e-cigarette bebuyela kwi-cigarettes, ngokwesigqibo sophando esikhutshwe yiYunivesithi yaseBoston ngoMeyi 2022, umngcipheko wabo wokuphefumla, ukukhwehlela kunye nezinye iimpawu ziya kabini.
"Xa sicinga ngesiphumo sokulibaziseka (sokwenzakala kwecuba), umthwalo wezifo uwonke obangelwa kukutshaya phakathi kweentshayi ezingamadoda aseTshayina kwixesha elizayo uya kuba mkhulu kakhulu kunoqikelelo lwangoku."Umbhali weli phepha wathi amanyathelo angqongqo okulawula ukutshaya nokuyeka ukutshaya afanele amkelwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kusindiswe ubomi babantu abaninzi .
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-20-2023
